Digging Deeper
INTRODUCTION: The Ordinary Meaning Canon applies to scenarios where a word appears in a statute but is never defined. More on this subject at: QUESTION 1: Does the Ordinary Meaning Canon of statutory construction imply the PRIVATE context for the word, or the PUBLIC context for a word? See: Congressional Research Service Report R45153, Statutory…
INTRODUCTION: More on this subject at: QUESTION 1: The California Revenue and Taxation Code Sections 6017 and 17018 suggest that there are actually TWO Californias: 1. The de jure state under its organic constitution. 2. A de facto federal corporation acting as an agent of the national government over federal property consistent with the definition…
QUESTION 1: 1. A public officer is legally defined as someone IN CHARGE of the property of the public. 2. Civil statutory statuses are legislatively created and owned by their government creator. 3. Invoking a civil statutory status within a government statute is an acceptance and use of public property by those so doing. QUESTIONS:…
INTRODUCTION: This line of questions documents the “beach-head” in the fight against government franchises and how to fight them. Background information on this subject for those wishing to study further: QUESTION 1: Can you give me a list of authorities forbidding any state from offering franchises or privileges through civil statutes to people in other…
QUESTION 1: What specific constitutional provision authorizes taxation of government employees ONLY? Is it Article 4, Section 3, Clause 2? ANSWER 1: No, Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2—known as the Property Clause—does not authorize taxation of government employees. That clause gives Congress the power to manage and regulate federal territories and property, stating: “The…
QUESTION 1: For those who are retired from the military with VA coverage and over 65 and without Medicare, what is the degree of availability of healthcare and the criteria for eligibility? ANSWER 1: If you’re a military retiree over 65 with VA health coverage but no Medicare, your access to care is limited to…
SOURCE: SEDM AI Chatbots**https://sedm.org/ai-chat/Theology AI Chatbot**https://sedm.org/sedm-theology-chat-bot/ More on this subject at: QUESTION 1: According to the Bible, God created everything. Because He created it, He is the owner. If Jesus said render to Caesar that which is Caesar’s, and the Bible implies that everything belongs to God, what does that leave to render? Would that…
INTRODUCTION: For more on the subject of these questions, see: QUESTION 1: Below are maxims of law dealing with privileges: “Actio personalis moritur cum persona. A personal action dies with the person. This must be understood of an action for a tort only.” Privilegium est beneficium personale et extinguitur cum person. A privilege is a…
QUESTION 1: What year was the first definition of “domestic” in the Internal revenue code? Did it mean the same thing it means now? ANSWER 1: Alright — let’s trace this precisely, because the definition of “domestic” in the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) has a long paper trail, and its meaning has been remarkably stable…
QUESTION 1: Has there ever been a statute creating liability for income tax at the national level since 1862? ANSWER 1: If by “statute creating liability” you mean a law that expressly imposes a legal duty on a named class of persons to pay a national‑level income tax, the historical record is surprisingly narrow —…