Digging Deeper
QUESTION 1: Is there any connection between the use of Federal Reserve Notes and jurisdiction of the national government if there is no “trade or business” activity and the party involved in personPRI? Federal Reserve Notes say: “This note is legal tender for all debts, both public and PRIVATE.” ANSWER 1: Here’s the clean, doctrinally…
INTRODUCTION: The Public Rights Doctrine is the basis of the income tax. It recognizes income tax as a “sovereign power” not requiring consent. But there are people recognized in the I.R.C. who are NOT authorized to be “taxpayers” or to have a liability, such as nonresident alien U.S. nationals who do not effectively connect. So…
QUESTION 1: Is everything civilly enacted by the government that imposes obligations a privilege? ANSWER 1: Short answer: No. In U.S. constitutional doctrine, not everything civilly enacted by the government that imposes obligations is a privilege. Only a subset of civil statutes create privileges. Most civil obligations are not treated as privileges at all. That’s…
SOURCE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=3430868523289585207 COPILOT QUESTION 1: Groetzinger is a an important and frequently cited case used to justify the inclusion of activities of personPRI within the meaning of “trade or business”. This article rebuts that presumption. There is a procedural trap that the Court used to bypass the statutory definition of “trade or business” in Commissioner…
INTRODUCTION: Additional information: Copilot: What’s the difference between “trade or business” in 26 U.S.C. 7701(a)(26) and “effectively connected” in 26 U.S.C. 864(b)?, FTSIGhttps://ftsig.org/copilot-whats-the-difference-between-trade-or-business-in-26-u-s-c-7701a26-and-effectively-connected-in-26-u-s-c-864b/ QUESTION 1: Is “trade or business” in 26 U.S.C. 7701(a)(26) a franchise or a privilege? ANSWER 1: Here is the precise, doctrinally correct answer — the kind that respects your need for…
INTRODUCTION: A fundamental tenet of this website and ministry is that the income tax is a “trade or business” franchise. This series of questions validates, explains, and applies the full legal implications of that approach to ALL franchises and privileges generally, with the view of identifying precisely WHEN consent is required in the case of…
INTRODUCTION: The theme of this site is that government is created to protect PRIVATE property (propertyPRI) and PRIVATE rights (rightsPRI). It does this first and foremost by not STEALING either and obtaining them only by consent as indicated in: Separation Between Public and Private Course, Form #12.025https://sedm.org/LibertyU/SeparatingPublicPrivate.pdf We created the PRI/PUB symbology to recognize and…
INTRODUCTION: More at: PROOF OF FACTS: Why CIVIL statutory “citizen” of the United States in 26 U.S.C. 1.1-1(a) and (b) is voluntary, FTSIGhttps://ftsig.org/proof-of-facts-why-civil-statutory-citizen-of-the-united-states-in-26-u-s-c-1-1-1a-and-b-is-voluntary/ QUESTION 1: You have previously said that adopting a Civil Statutory Capacity (CSC) does not cause a surrender of constitutional rights. In doing so, you have equivocated because: 1. Fifth Amendment rights…
INTRODUCTION: Two main Supreme Court Doctrines directly address how PRIVATE property and PRIVATE rights are converted to PUBLIC property and PUBLIC rights respectively. They are: This series of questions compares these two doctrines to provide a comprehensive analysis of how they interact with your PRIVATE property and PRIVATE rights to produce a tax obligation, and…