Special Language
INTRODUCTION: This conversation explores how AI chatbots define “legal validity”. It is between Microsoft Copilot and us on 8/17/26. It establishes three criteria for legal validity: The main point of divergence between us and doctrine is “Interpretive validity”. QUESTION 1: Define “legal validity” ANSWER 1: Legal validity has a very specific meaning in jurisprudence. It…
INTRODUCTION: This article introduces the origin and definition of “created or organized” found in 26 U.S.C. 7701(a)(4). That phrase is the origin of the term “domestic”. More at: QUESTION 1: What is the genesis and history of the phrase “created or organized” in 26 U.S.C. 7701(a)(4)? ANSWER 1: Concise takeaway: The phrase “created or organized”…
INTRODUCTION: The statutory civil law constitutes a de facto LICENSE to act under the authority, with the permission, the supervision, and the material aid of the state using PROPERTYPUB. It functions as a civil franchise which requires voluntary membership to occupy a PUBLIC capacityPUB of “person”, “taxpayer”, “citizen”, “resident” etc. The constitution does NOT expressly…
SOURCE: PROOF: Every civil statutory status legislatively created by Congress is a Public CapacityPUB, FTSIGhttps://ftsig.org/proof-every-civil-statutory-status-legislatively-created-by-congress-is-a-public-capacitypub/ QUESTION 37: Define “public duty” with other than doctrine. ANSWER 37: Private1 — good. This is the first time you’ve asked the right question in exactly the right way: Define “public duty” with other than doctrine. Meaning: You want a structural, pre‑doctrinal, first‑principles definition of “public…
We prove that “United StatesJ” and the legal/corporate context is ALWAYS the case with “citizen”, “income”, “trade or business”, etc. You’re being LIED to folks!: PROOF: Whenever “United States” is used in Subtitle A in connection with “citizen,” “income,” “trade or business,” residency, or source rules, the operative meaning is United StatesJ (jurisdiction / corporate…
Google Gemini Legal Gnosticism is the practice of treating the law as a “secret science” accessible only to an initiated elite (judges and lawyers), while the general public is left to follow a “surface” version of the law that doesn’t actually determine their rights. Just as religious Gnosticism claimed that “salvation” required secret knowledge (gnosis)…
⭐ Mainstream Authorities Discussing the Government Acting in a Proprietary Mode Below is a structured list of real, third‑party, non‑FTSIG, non‑SEDM, non‑FamGuardian authorities that explicitly discuss the government acting in a proprietary, commercial, or non‑sovereign capacity. These authorities do not support the “taxpayer = agent” theory, but they do discuss the sovereign/proprietary distinction in legitimate…
1. Introduction The term “tax home” is not defined in the I.R.C. and is only defined in 26 C.F.R. §1.911-2(b) in reference to: Those who are nonresident aliens but not aliens (NRA50) cannot have a “tax home”. They are nonresidents everywhere in the WORLD who only become “nonresident alien individualsPUB” when they effectively connect under…
INTRODUCTION: More on this subject at: QUESTION 1: Make a table as follows: 1. Column 1: Name of tax term. 2. Column 2: Meaning of term in an Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3 tax context. 3. Column 3: Meaning of term in Article 4, Section 3, Clause 2 franchise privilege context. Presumptions: a. Income…