Precedent

Frivolous position: The “United States” consists only of the District of Columbia, federal territories, and the federal enclaves

July 19, 2024

SOURCE: https://www.irs.gov/privacy-disclosure/the-truth-about-frivolous-arguments-section-i-a-to-c#contentionc2 IRS STATEMENT: C. The Meaning of Certain Terms Used in the Internal Revenue Code 2. Contention: The “United…

Frivolous position: Taxpayer is not a “citizen” of the United States, and thus is not subject to the federal income tax laws

July 19, 2024

SOURCE: https://www.irs.gov/privacy-disclosure/the-truth-about-frivolous-arguments-section-i-a-to-c#contentionc1 IRS STATEMENT: C. The Meaning of Certain Terms Used in the Internal Revenue Code 1. Contention: Taxpayer is…

Frivolous Positions: Introduction

July 19, 2024

1. Introduction The term “frivolous” is defined as follows: Frivolous.  Of little weight or importance.  A pleading is “frivolous” when it…

Steward Machine Co. v. Davis, 301 U.S. 548 (1937)

July 19, 2024

LINK TO CASE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=11777818167992631527 SIGNIFICANCE: Declared compelled participation in Social Security by artificial entities BUT NOT HUMAN BEINGS constitutional. Opinion…

Rogers v. Bellei, 401 U.S. 815 (1971)

July 19, 2024

LINK TO CASE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=3117430109405641226 SIGNIFICANCE:

Afroyim v. Rusk, 387 U.S. 253 (1967)

July 19, 2024

LINK TO CASE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=2521246303796542623 SIGNIFICANCE: Establishes CONSTITUTIONAL POLITICAL “citizen of the United States***” status in the Fourteenth Amendment as RIGHT…

Minor v. Happersett, 88 U.S. 162 (1875)

July 19, 2024

LINK TO CASE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=5117525999793250938 SIGNIFICANCE: Established POLITICAL citizens* of a state as ipso facto also POLITICAL “citizens of the United…

United States v. Wong Kim Ark, 169 U.S. 649 (1898)

July 19, 2024

LINK TO CASE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=3381955771263111765 SIGNIFICANCE: Establishes the TWO components of citizenship: nationality and civil status (domicile). For an article on…

Pennoyer v. Neff, 95 U.S. 714 (1878)

July 19, 2024

LINK TO CASE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=13333263776496540273 SIGNIFICANCE: EXCERPT: The several States of the Union are not, it is true, in every respect…

Milwaukee v. White, 296 U.S. 268 (1935)

July 19, 2024

LINK TO CASE: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=5901183028124997123 SIGNIFICANCE: Declare income taxation “quasi-contractual” “Even if the judgment is deemed to be colored by the…